Prevalence and Odds of Developing Sexual Dysfunction in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
-
Zahra Shahraki
,
Mohsen Rastkar
,
Elham Rastkar
,
Aida Mohamadi
,
Mozhdeh Mohammadghasemi
,
Mahsa Ghajarzadeh
Abstract
Objective: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) suffer from a wide range of psychological difficulties such as sexual dysfunction (SD). In different countries, sexual dysfunction has been evaluated in women with PCO, but the results differ between studies. So, we designed this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of sexual dysfunction and to assess the odds of SD among women with PCO compared with controls.
Materials and methods: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, Google Scholar were systematically searched by two independent researchers on December 1st, 2023. Data analysis was done using STATA.
Results: A literature search revealed 1636 records, 84 full-texts were evaluated, and finally, 37 studies remained for systematic review. Most studies were published in 2023, followed by 2022.Most studies were from Iran, followed by Turkey. The prevalence of SD in women with PCO ranged between 4% and 99%, and the pooled prevalence was estimated as 73% (95%CI: 72%-74%, fixed-effect model) (I2=0). The odds of SD in women with PCO ranged between 0.42 and 7.29, and pooled OR was estimated as 2.45(95%CI: 1.55-3.86, random-effect model) (I2=79.9%, P<0.001). The SMD of total FSFI (case-control) ranged between -2.83, and 0.46, and the pooled SMD was estimated as -0.48(95% -0.72, -0.25) (I2=94.6%, P<0.001, random-effect model).
Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrates a significantly higher prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with PCO, emphasizing the need for routine sexual health assessment and holistic management, including psychological support, hormonal regulation, and lifestyle interventions.
1. Azziz R, Woods KS, Reyna R, Key TJ, Knochenhauer ES, Yildiz BO. The prevalence and features of the polycystic ovary syndrome in an unselected population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89(6):2745-9.
2. Ehrmann DA. Polycystic ovary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(12):1223-36.
3. Shahraki Z, Rastkar M, Ramezanpour MR, Ghajarzadeh M. The prevalence and odds of bipolar disorder in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2024;27(3):329-36.
4. Davari-Tanha F, Hosseini Rashidi B, Ghajarzadeh M, Noorbala AA. Bipolar disorder in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCO). Acta Med Iran. 2014;52(1):46-8.
5. Hahn S, Janssen OE, Tan S, Pleger K, Mann K, Schedlowski M, Kimmig R, Benson S, Balamitsa E, Elsenbruch S. Clinical and psychological correlates of quality-of-life in polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol. 2005;153(6):853-60.
6. Elsenbruch S, Hahn S, Kowalsky D, Offner AH, Schedlowski M, Mann K, Janssen OE. Quality of life, psychosocial well-being, and sexual satisfaction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88(12):5801-7.
7. Deniz A, Kehribar DY. Evaluation of sexual functions in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Niger J Clin Pract. 2020;23(11):1548-55.
8. Mojahed BS, Ghajarzadeh M, Khammar R, Shahraki Z. Depression, sexual function and sexual quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy subjects. J Ovarian Res. 2023;16(1):105.
9. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Int J Surg. 2021;88:105906.
10. Wells G, Shea B, O’Connell D, Peterson J, Welch V, Losos M, et al. Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale cohort studies. University of Ottawa; 2014. Available from: http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/nosgen. pdf.
11. Stang A. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Eur J Epidemiol. 2010;25(9):603-5.
12. Uzel K, Uluğ P, Kiremitli T, Kiremitli S, Başol G. Anxiety, quality of life, eating behaviors, and sexual life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Zeynep Kamil Med J. 2021;52(3):152–9.
13. Hashemi S, Ramezani Tehrani F, Farahmand M, Bahri Khomami M. Association of PCOS and its clinical signs with sexual function among Iranian women affected by PCOS. J Sex Med. 2014;11(10):2508-14.
14. Kogure GS, Ribeiro VB, Lopes IP, Furtado CLM, Kodato S, Silva de Sá MF, Ferriani RA, Lara LADS, Maria Dos Reis R. Body image and its relationships with sexual functioning, anxiety, and depression in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Affect Disord. 2019;253:385-93.
15. Aba YA, Aytek Şik B. Body image and sexual function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2022;68(9):1264-9.
16. Ferraresi SR, Lara LA, Reis RM, Rosa e Silva AC. Changes in sexual function among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study. J Sex Med. 2013;10(2):467-73.
17. Shafti V, Shahbazi S. Comparing sexual function and quality of life in polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy women. J Family Reprod Health. 2016;10(2):92-8.
18. Mojahed BS, Ghajarzadeh M, Khammar R, Shahraki Z. Depression, sexual function and sexual quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy subjects. J Ovarian Res. 2023;16(1):105.
19. Akbari Sene A, Tahmasbi B, Keypour F, Zamanian H, Golbabaei F, Amini-Tehrani M. Differences in and correlates of sexual function in infertile women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Fertil Steril. 2021;15(1):65-72.
20. Ashrafi M, Jahangiri N, Jahanian Sadatmahalleh S, Mirzaei N, Gharagozloo Hesari N, Rostami F, Mousavi SS, Zeinaloo M. Does prevalence of sexual dysfunction differ among the most common causes of infertility? A cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health. 2022;22(1):140.
21. Daescu AC, Dehelean L, Navolan DB, Gaitoane AI, Daescu A, Stoian D. Effects of hormonal profile, weight, and body image on sexual function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(10):1488.
22. Deniz A, Kehribar DY. Evaluation of sexual functions in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Niger J Clin Pract. 2020;23(11):1548-54.
23. Yarjanli M, Jahanian Sadatmahalleh S, Mirzaei N, Azarbajani K. Female sexual function in different phenotypes of polycystic ovarian syndrome: a comparative cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):19317.
24. Lara LA, Ramos FK, Kogure GS, Costa RS, Silva de Sá MF, Ferriani RA, dos Reis RM. Impact of physical resistance training on the sexual function of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Sex Med. 2015;12(7):1584-90.
25. Mantzou D, Stamou MI, Armeni AK, Roupas ND, Assimakopoulos K, Adonakis G, et al. Impaired sexual function in young women with PCOS: the detrimental effect of anovulation. J Sex Med. 2021;18(11):1872-9.
26. Battaglia C, Nappi RE, Mancini F, Cianciosi A, Persico N, Busacchi P, et al. PCOS, sexuality, and clitoral vascularisation: a pilot study. J Sex Med. 2008;5(12):2886-94.
27. Drosdzol A, Skrzypulec V, Mazur B, Pawlińska-Chmara R. Quality of life and marital sexual satisfaction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2007;45 Suppl 1:S93-7.
28. Ercan CM, Coksuer H, Aydogan U, Alanbay I, Keskin U, Karasahin KE, et al. Sexual dysfunction assessment and hormonal correlations in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Impot Res. 2013;25(4):127-32.
29. Eftekhar T, Sohrabvand F, Zabandan N, Shariat M, Haghollahi F, Ghahghaei-Nezamabadi A. Sexual dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and its affected domains. Iran J Reprod Med. 2014;12(8):539-46.
30. Veras AB, Bruno RV, de Avila MA, Nardi AE. Sexual dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: clinical and hormonal correlations. Compr Psychiatry. 2011;52(5):486-9.
31. Dashti S, Latiff LA, Hamid HA, Sani SM, Akhtari-Zavare M, Abu Bakar AS, et al. Sexual dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome in Malaysia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(8):3747-51.
32. Pastoor H, Both S, Laan ETM, Laven JSE. Sexual dysfunction in women with PCOS: a case control study. Hum Reprod. 2023;38(11):2230-8.
33. Aydogan Kirmizi D, Baser E, Onat T, Demir Caltekin M, Yalvac ES, Kara M, et al. Sexual function and depression in polycystic ovary syndrome: Is it associated with inflammation and neuromodulators? Neuropeptides. 2020;84:102099.
34. Noroozzadeh M, Tehrani FR, Mobarakabadi SS, Farahmand M, Dovom MR. Sexual function and hormonal profiles in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: a population-based study. Int J Impot Res. 2017;29(1):1-6.
35. Fliegner M, Richter-Appelt H, Krupp K, Brunner F. Sexual function and socio-sexual difficulties in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2019;79(5):498-509.
36. Tian X, Ruan X, Du J, Cheng J, Ju R, Mueck AO. Sexual function in Chinese women with different clinical phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2023;39(1):2221736.
37. Tian X, Ruan X, Du J, Wang J, Yin D, Cheng J, et al. Sexual function in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and correlation with clinical and biochemical characteristics. Reprod Sci. 2021;28(11):3181-92.
38. Diamond MP, Legro RS, Coutifaris C, Alvero R, Robinson RD, Casson PA, et al. Sexual function in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome and unexplained infertility. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017;217(2):191.e1-191.e19.
39. Kępczyńska-Nyk A, Kuryłowicz A, Nowak A, Bednarczuk T, Ambroziak U. Sexual function in women with androgen excess disorders: classic forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and polycystic ovary syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest. 2021;44(3):505-13.
40. Bazarganipour F, Ziaei S, Montazeri A, Foroozanfard F, Kazemnejad A, Faghihzadeh S. Sexual functioning among married Iranian women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Fertil Steril. 2014;8(3):273-80.
41. Bahadori F, Jahanian Sadatmahalleh S, Montazeri A, Nasiri M. Sexuality and psychological well-being in different polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes compared with healthy controls: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health. 2022;22(1):390.
42. Basirat Z, Faramarzi M, Esmaelzadeh S, Abedi Firoozjai SH, Mahouti T, Geraili Z. Stress, depression, sexual function, and alexithymia in infertile females with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study. Int J Fertil Steril. 2019;13(3):203-8.
43. Fereidooni B, Jenabi E, Khazaei S, Abdoli S. The effective factors on the sexual function of polycystic ovary syndrome women: a cross-sectional study. Int J Fertil Steril. 2022;16(3):220-3.
44. Benetti-Pinto CL, Ferreira SR, Antunes A Jr, Yela DA. The influence of body weight on sexual function and quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2015;291(2):451–5.
45. Forouhari S, Doryanizadeh L, Farahi F, Namavar Jahromi B, Nourimand F. Sexual function in fertile and infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2019;11(3).
46. Cetinkaya Altuntas S, Celik O, Ozer U, Colak S. Depression, anxiety, body image scores, and sexual dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome according to phenotypes. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2022;38(10):849-55.
47. Gateva A, Kamenov Z. Sexual function in patients with PCOS and/or obesity before and after metformin treatment. Advances in Sexual Medicine. 2012;2:25-9.
48. Davari-Tanha F, Asadi M, Shahraki Z, Assaf Z, Kaveh Z, Ghajarzadeh M. Sexual dysfunction in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients. J Obstet Gynecol Cancer Res. 2024;9(2):161-6.
49. Pastoor H, Mousa A, Bolt H, Bramer W, Burgert TS, Dokras A, et al. Sexual function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update. 2024;30(3):323-40.
50. Loh HH, Yee A, Loh HS, Kanagasundram S, Francis B, Lim LL. Sexual dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hormones (Athens). 2020;19(3):413-23.
51. Cooney LG, Lee I, Sammel MD, Dokras A. High prevalence of moderate and severe depressive and anxiety symptoms in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod. 2017;32(5):1075-91.
52. Joham AE, Teede HJ, Ranasinha S, Zoungas S, Boyle J. Prevalence of infertility and use of fertility treatment in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: data from a large community-based cohort study. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2015;24(4):299-307.
53. Castelo-Branco C, Naumova I. Quality of life and sexual function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2020;36(2):96-103.
54. Trent ME, Rich M, Austin SB, Gordon CM. Fertility concerns and sexual behavior in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome: implications for quality of life. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2003;16(1):33-37.
55. Conaglen HM, Conaglen JV. Sexual desire in women presenting for antiandrogen therapy. J Sex Marital Ther. 2003;29(4):255-67.
2. Ehrmann DA. Polycystic ovary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(12):1223-36.
3. Shahraki Z, Rastkar M, Ramezanpour MR, Ghajarzadeh M. The prevalence and odds of bipolar disorder in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2024;27(3):329-36.
4. Davari-Tanha F, Hosseini Rashidi B, Ghajarzadeh M, Noorbala AA. Bipolar disorder in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCO). Acta Med Iran. 2014;52(1):46-8.
5. Hahn S, Janssen OE, Tan S, Pleger K, Mann K, Schedlowski M, Kimmig R, Benson S, Balamitsa E, Elsenbruch S. Clinical and psychological correlates of quality-of-life in polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol. 2005;153(6):853-60.
6. Elsenbruch S, Hahn S, Kowalsky D, Offner AH, Schedlowski M, Mann K, Janssen OE. Quality of life, psychosocial well-being, and sexual satisfaction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88(12):5801-7.
7. Deniz A, Kehribar DY. Evaluation of sexual functions in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Niger J Clin Pract. 2020;23(11):1548-55.
8. Mojahed BS, Ghajarzadeh M, Khammar R, Shahraki Z. Depression, sexual function and sexual quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy subjects. J Ovarian Res. 2023;16(1):105.
9. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Int J Surg. 2021;88:105906.
10. Wells G, Shea B, O’Connell D, Peterson J, Welch V, Losos M, et al. Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale cohort studies. University of Ottawa; 2014. Available from: http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/nosgen. pdf.
11. Stang A. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Eur J Epidemiol. 2010;25(9):603-5.
12. Uzel K, Uluğ P, Kiremitli T, Kiremitli S, Başol G. Anxiety, quality of life, eating behaviors, and sexual life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Zeynep Kamil Med J. 2021;52(3):152–9.
13. Hashemi S, Ramezani Tehrani F, Farahmand M, Bahri Khomami M. Association of PCOS and its clinical signs with sexual function among Iranian women affected by PCOS. J Sex Med. 2014;11(10):2508-14.
14. Kogure GS, Ribeiro VB, Lopes IP, Furtado CLM, Kodato S, Silva de Sá MF, Ferriani RA, Lara LADS, Maria Dos Reis R. Body image and its relationships with sexual functioning, anxiety, and depression in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Affect Disord. 2019;253:385-93.
15. Aba YA, Aytek Şik B. Body image and sexual function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2022;68(9):1264-9.
16. Ferraresi SR, Lara LA, Reis RM, Rosa e Silva AC. Changes in sexual function among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study. J Sex Med. 2013;10(2):467-73.
17. Shafti V, Shahbazi S. Comparing sexual function and quality of life in polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy women. J Family Reprod Health. 2016;10(2):92-8.
18. Mojahed BS, Ghajarzadeh M, Khammar R, Shahraki Z. Depression, sexual function and sexual quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy subjects. J Ovarian Res. 2023;16(1):105.
19. Akbari Sene A, Tahmasbi B, Keypour F, Zamanian H, Golbabaei F, Amini-Tehrani M. Differences in and correlates of sexual function in infertile women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Fertil Steril. 2021;15(1):65-72.
20. Ashrafi M, Jahangiri N, Jahanian Sadatmahalleh S, Mirzaei N, Gharagozloo Hesari N, Rostami F, Mousavi SS, Zeinaloo M. Does prevalence of sexual dysfunction differ among the most common causes of infertility? A cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health. 2022;22(1):140.
21. Daescu AC, Dehelean L, Navolan DB, Gaitoane AI, Daescu A, Stoian D. Effects of hormonal profile, weight, and body image on sexual function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(10):1488.
22. Deniz A, Kehribar DY. Evaluation of sexual functions in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Niger J Clin Pract. 2020;23(11):1548-54.
23. Yarjanli M, Jahanian Sadatmahalleh S, Mirzaei N, Azarbajani K. Female sexual function in different phenotypes of polycystic ovarian syndrome: a comparative cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):19317.
24. Lara LA, Ramos FK, Kogure GS, Costa RS, Silva de Sá MF, Ferriani RA, dos Reis RM. Impact of physical resistance training on the sexual function of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Sex Med. 2015;12(7):1584-90.
25. Mantzou D, Stamou MI, Armeni AK, Roupas ND, Assimakopoulos K, Adonakis G, et al. Impaired sexual function in young women with PCOS: the detrimental effect of anovulation. J Sex Med. 2021;18(11):1872-9.
26. Battaglia C, Nappi RE, Mancini F, Cianciosi A, Persico N, Busacchi P, et al. PCOS, sexuality, and clitoral vascularisation: a pilot study. J Sex Med. 2008;5(12):2886-94.
27. Drosdzol A, Skrzypulec V, Mazur B, Pawlińska-Chmara R. Quality of life and marital sexual satisfaction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2007;45 Suppl 1:S93-7.
28. Ercan CM, Coksuer H, Aydogan U, Alanbay I, Keskin U, Karasahin KE, et al. Sexual dysfunction assessment and hormonal correlations in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Impot Res. 2013;25(4):127-32.
29. Eftekhar T, Sohrabvand F, Zabandan N, Shariat M, Haghollahi F, Ghahghaei-Nezamabadi A. Sexual dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and its affected domains. Iran J Reprod Med. 2014;12(8):539-46.
30. Veras AB, Bruno RV, de Avila MA, Nardi AE. Sexual dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: clinical and hormonal correlations. Compr Psychiatry. 2011;52(5):486-9.
31. Dashti S, Latiff LA, Hamid HA, Sani SM, Akhtari-Zavare M, Abu Bakar AS, et al. Sexual dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome in Malaysia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(8):3747-51.
32. Pastoor H, Both S, Laan ETM, Laven JSE. Sexual dysfunction in women with PCOS: a case control study. Hum Reprod. 2023;38(11):2230-8.
33. Aydogan Kirmizi D, Baser E, Onat T, Demir Caltekin M, Yalvac ES, Kara M, et al. Sexual function and depression in polycystic ovary syndrome: Is it associated with inflammation and neuromodulators? Neuropeptides. 2020;84:102099.
34. Noroozzadeh M, Tehrani FR, Mobarakabadi SS, Farahmand M, Dovom MR. Sexual function and hormonal profiles in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: a population-based study. Int J Impot Res. 2017;29(1):1-6.
35. Fliegner M, Richter-Appelt H, Krupp K, Brunner F. Sexual function and socio-sexual difficulties in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2019;79(5):498-509.
36. Tian X, Ruan X, Du J, Cheng J, Ju R, Mueck AO. Sexual function in Chinese women with different clinical phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2023;39(1):2221736.
37. Tian X, Ruan X, Du J, Wang J, Yin D, Cheng J, et al. Sexual function in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and correlation with clinical and biochemical characteristics. Reprod Sci. 2021;28(11):3181-92.
38. Diamond MP, Legro RS, Coutifaris C, Alvero R, Robinson RD, Casson PA, et al. Sexual function in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome and unexplained infertility. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017;217(2):191.e1-191.e19.
39. Kępczyńska-Nyk A, Kuryłowicz A, Nowak A, Bednarczuk T, Ambroziak U. Sexual function in women with androgen excess disorders: classic forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and polycystic ovary syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest. 2021;44(3):505-13.
40. Bazarganipour F, Ziaei S, Montazeri A, Foroozanfard F, Kazemnejad A, Faghihzadeh S. Sexual functioning among married Iranian women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Fertil Steril. 2014;8(3):273-80.
41. Bahadori F, Jahanian Sadatmahalleh S, Montazeri A, Nasiri M. Sexuality and psychological well-being in different polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes compared with healthy controls: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health. 2022;22(1):390.
42. Basirat Z, Faramarzi M, Esmaelzadeh S, Abedi Firoozjai SH, Mahouti T, Geraili Z. Stress, depression, sexual function, and alexithymia in infertile females with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study. Int J Fertil Steril. 2019;13(3):203-8.
43. Fereidooni B, Jenabi E, Khazaei S, Abdoli S. The effective factors on the sexual function of polycystic ovary syndrome women: a cross-sectional study. Int J Fertil Steril. 2022;16(3):220-3.
44. Benetti-Pinto CL, Ferreira SR, Antunes A Jr, Yela DA. The influence of body weight on sexual function and quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2015;291(2):451–5.
45. Forouhari S, Doryanizadeh L, Farahi F, Namavar Jahromi B, Nourimand F. Sexual function in fertile and infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2019;11(3).
46. Cetinkaya Altuntas S, Celik O, Ozer U, Colak S. Depression, anxiety, body image scores, and sexual dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome according to phenotypes. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2022;38(10):849-55.
47. Gateva A, Kamenov Z. Sexual function in patients with PCOS and/or obesity before and after metformin treatment. Advances in Sexual Medicine. 2012;2:25-9.
48. Davari-Tanha F, Asadi M, Shahraki Z, Assaf Z, Kaveh Z, Ghajarzadeh M. Sexual dysfunction in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients. J Obstet Gynecol Cancer Res. 2024;9(2):161-6.
49. Pastoor H, Mousa A, Bolt H, Bramer W, Burgert TS, Dokras A, et al. Sexual function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update. 2024;30(3):323-40.
50. Loh HH, Yee A, Loh HS, Kanagasundram S, Francis B, Lim LL. Sexual dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hormones (Athens). 2020;19(3):413-23.
51. Cooney LG, Lee I, Sammel MD, Dokras A. High prevalence of moderate and severe depressive and anxiety symptoms in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod. 2017;32(5):1075-91.
52. Joham AE, Teede HJ, Ranasinha S, Zoungas S, Boyle J. Prevalence of infertility and use of fertility treatment in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: data from a large community-based cohort study. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2015;24(4):299-307.
53. Castelo-Branco C, Naumova I. Quality of life and sexual function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2020;36(2):96-103.
54. Trent ME, Rich M, Austin SB, Gordon CM. Fertility concerns and sexual behavior in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome: implications for quality of life. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2003;16(1):33-37.
55. Conaglen HM, Conaglen JV. Sexual desire in women presenting for antiandrogen therapy. J Sex Marital Ther. 2003;29(4):255-67.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 19, No 4 (December 2025) | |
| Section | Review Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women Sexual Dysfunction | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Shahraki Z, Rastkar M, Rastkar E, Mohamadi A, Mohammadghasemi M, Ghajarzadeh M. Prevalence and Odds of Developing Sexual Dysfunction in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Family Reprod Health. 2025;19(4):247-264.
