Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding

Zhila Amirkhani; Meisam Akhlaghdoust; Media Abedian; Gelareh Rabie Salehi; Nesa Zarbati; Maryam Mogharehabed; Sahba Arefian; Mina Jafarabadi

Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding

Abstract

Objective: To study the pregnancy outcomes in first trimester vaginal bleeding.
Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was done on 60 pregnant women with first trimester vaginal bleeding referring to university hospitals affiliated to Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. All women were evaluated for the outcomes including abortion, preterm rapture of membranes, preterm labor, second and third trimester vaginal bleeding, low birth weight and intra uterine growth retardation and the mode of delivery. Data were analyzed using SPSS- 11.
Results: Placenta accreta, second trimester bleeding and preterm labor were significantly more prevalent in pregnant women with first trimester bleeding (P ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion: According to results of present study vaginal bleeding in first trimester of pregnancy may predict further maternal and fetal complications. We recommend training pregnant women regarding those complications and their prevention.

Wittels KA, Pelletier AJ, Brown DF, Camargo CA Jr. United States emergency department visits for vaginal bleeding during early pregnancy, 1993-2003. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008 ;198:523.e1-6.

Calleja-Agius J. Vaginal bleeding in the first trimester. Br J Midwifery 2008; 16:656–61.

Poulose T, Richardson R, Ewings P, Fox R. Probability of early pregnancy loss in women with vaginal bleeding and a singleton live fetus at ultrasound scan. J Obstet Gynecol 2006; 26:782–4.

Schauberger CW, Mathiason MA, Rooney BL. Ultrasound assessment of first-trimester bleeding. Obstet Gynecol 2005;105:333–8.

Fleischer AC, Andreotti RF, Bohm-Velez M, Fishman EK, Horrow MM, Hricak H, et al. First trimester bleeding. American College of Radiology (ACR) Appropriateness Criteria; 2007:5. Available from: www.acr.org

Luise C, Jermy K, May C, Costello G, Collins WP, Bourne TH. Outcome of expectant management of

spontaneousfirst trimester miscarriage: Observational study. BMJ 2002;324:873–5.

Sotiriadis A, Makrydimas G, Papatheodorou S, Ioannidis JP. Expectant, medical, or surgical management of first-trimester miscarriage: A meta-analysis.ObstetGynecol 2005;105:1104–13.

Tang OS, Lau WN, Ng EH, Lee SW, Ho PC. A prospective randomized study to compare the use of repeated doses of vaginal with sublingual misoprostol in the management of first trimester silent miscarriages. Hum Reprod 2003; 18:176–81.

Wieringa-de Waard M, Ankum WM, Bonsel GJ, Vos J,Biewenga P, Bindels PJE. The natural course of spontaneous miscarriage: Analysis of signs and symptoms in 188 expectantly managed women. Br J Gen Pract 2003; 53:704–8.

Zhang J, Gilles JM, Barnhart K, Creninin MD, Westhoff C,Frederick MM, et al. A comparison of medical management with misoprostol and surgical management for early pregnancy failure. N Engl J Med 2005;353:761–9.

Ananth C, Savitz D. Vaginal bleeding and adverse reproductive outcomes: a meta-analysis.Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 1994; 8:62–78.

Snell BJ. Assessment and Management of Bleeding in the First Trimester of Pregnancy. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health 2009; 54: 483-91.

Dogra V, Paspulati RM, Bhatt S. First trimester bleeding evaluation. Ultrasound Q 2005;21:69-85.

Amirkhani Zh, Akhlaghdoust M, Rabie Salehi G, Jangholi E, Sadeghi m, Ghenaat F, Et al. Relation between Fluoxetine and Menstrual Cycle Disorders. Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 2012; 6: 95-8.

Deutchman M, Tubay AT, Turok D.First trimester bleeding. Am Fam Physician 2009; 79: 985-94.

Thorstensen KA. Midwifery management of first trimester bleeding and early pregnancy loss. J Midwifery Womens Health 2000; 45: 481-97.

Saraswat L, Bhattacharya S, Maheshwari A,Bhattacharya S. Maternal and perinatal outcome in women with threatened miscarriage in the first trimester: a systematic review. BJOG 2010; 117: 245-57.

Siddiqui F, Kean L. Intrauterine fetal death. Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine 2009; 19:1-6.

Weiss JL, Malone FD, Emig D, Ball RH, Nyberg DA, Comstock CH, et al. Obesity, obstetric complications and cesarean delivery rate a population-based screening study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004; 190: 1091-7.

Harlev A, Levy A, Zaulan Y, Koifman A, Mazor M, Wiznitzer A, et al. Idiopathic bleeding during thesecond half of pregnancy as a risk factor for adverse perinatal outcome. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2008; 21: 331-5.

Riahinejad S, Motamedi N, Saadat N, Mostofiniya M, Toghiani A. Effect of Vaginal Bleeding in First

Trimester of Pregnancy on Pregnancy Outcomes. Journal of Isfahan Medical School 2011; 156:1.

Yasaee F, Ghorbani M. Incidence and outcome of bleeding in pregnant woman in 1370-1380. Pajouhesh dar pezeshki 2006; 30: 227-9. (In Persian)

Files	XML PDF (268KB)
Issue	Vol 7, No 2 (June 2013)
Section	Original Articles
Keywords
First trimester Pregnancy outcomes Vaginal bleeding

Rights and permissions
	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Amirkhani Z, Akhlaghdoust M, Abedian M, Salehi GR, Zarbati N, Mogharehabed M, Arefian S, Jafarabadi M. Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding. J Family Reprod Health. 2013;7(2):57-61.

Download Citation