Opinions of the Midwives about Enabling Factors of Skin-To-Skin Contact Immediately after Birth: A Descriptive Study
,
Abstract
Objective:Despite the benefits of mother-newborn skin-to-skin contact (SSC) immediately after birth, the process has not been universally implemented as routine care for healthy term neonates. The purpose of this study was to determine opinions of the midwives about enabling factors of SSC immediately after birth in Tehran hospitals in 2012- 2013.
Materials and methods:This study has been conducted in a descriptive method based on PRCEDE-PROCEED model. The samples were 292 midwives from 18 hospitals. We used stratified and then simple random sampling. In this study midwives were working at delivery room; deliveries were conducted by midwives or they were in charge of the newborn immediately after birth. Data collection instrument was a self developed questionnaire concerning the enabling factors in the SSC. We applied face and content validity ratio (CVR), content validity index (CVI) and item impact method for the instrument's validity and Cronbach's Alpha for reliability. Finally, data were analyzed and interpreted using spss-18 through descriptive statistics.
Results:The results show that 90.4% of the midwives believed in necessity of a plan, 96.2% believed that good services should be provided to mothers, and 97.9%, 85.3% and 93.8% of them believed there is a need for private space, essential facilities and essential equipment for skin contact process; with Cronbach's Alpha of 0.731, 0.551, 0.501, and 0.600 respectively.
Conclusion:Most of the midwives believed that enabling factors concerning the successful SSC are effective. We suggest further studies on other enabling factors effective in SSC from the view point of midwives, gynaecologists and caregivers.
Moore ER, Anderson GC, Bergman N, Dowswell T. Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;5:CD003519.
Widstrom AM, Ransjo-Arvidson AB, Christensson K, Matthiesen AS, Winberg J, Uvnas-Moberg K. Gastric suction in healthy newborn infants: Effects on circulation and developing feeding behaviour. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica 1987, 76: 566-72.
Karl, D. Using principles of newborn state organization to facilitate breastfeeding. MCN American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing 2004; 29: 292–8.
Sloan NL, Camacho LW, Rojas EP, Stern C. Kangaroo mother method: randomised controlled trial of an alternative method of care for stabilized lowbirthweight infants. Lancet 1994; 344:782-5.
Bystrova K, Widstrom AM, Matthiesen AS, Ransjö- Arvidson AB, Welles-Nyström B, Wassberg C. et al. Skin-to-skin contact may reduce negative consequences of “the stress of being born”: a study on temperature in newborn infants, subjected to different ward routines in St. Petersburg. Acta Paediatr 2003; 92: 320–6.
Ransjo-Arvidson AB, Matthiesen AS, Lilja G, Nissen E, Widström AM, Uvnas-Moberg K. Maternal analgesia during labor disturbs newborn behavior:effects on breastfeeding, temperature, and crying. Birth 2001, 28(1):5–12.
Charpak N, Ruiz Pelaz JG, Charpak Y. Rey-Martinez kangaroo mother program: an alternative way of caring for low birth weight infants? One year mortality in a two cohort study. Pediatrics 1994; 94:804–10. 8. Larry Gray, Lisa Watt and Elliott M. Blass .Skin-to- Skin Contact Is Analgesic in Healthy Newborns. Pediatrics 2000; 105: e14.
Michelsson K, Christensson K, Rothgänger H, Winberg J. Crying in separated and non-separated newborns: sound spectrographic analysis. Acta Paediatr 1996; 85: 471–5.
Ferber SG, Makhoul IR. The effect of skin-to-skin contact (kangaroo care) shortly after birth on the neurobehavioral responses of the term newborn: a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics 2004; 113:858–65.
Klaus M. Mother and Infant: Early Emotional Ties.Pediatrics 1998; 1021244-6.
Klaus MH, Jerauld R, Kreger NC, McAlpine W, Steffa M, Kennel JH. Maternal attachment. Importance of the first post-partum days. N Engl J Med 1972; 286:460-3.
Widstrom AM, Lilja G, Aaltomaa-Michalias P, Dahllof A, Lintula M, Nissen E. Newborn behaviour to locate the breast when skin-to-skin: a possible method forenabling early self-regulation. Acta Paediatrica 2011;100: 79–85.
Baby-Friendly USA. Overcoming Barriers to Implementing the Ten Steps to Successful Breast feeding Massachusetts 2003.
Gartner L, Morton J, Lawrence R, Naylor A, O’Hare, D, Schanler, R, et al. American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement): Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics 2005; 115: 496-506.
Robert TC. Theory at a glance: a guide for health promotion practice.2nd ed. National Cancer Institute 2005: 46-54.
Glanz K, Rimer B,Viswanath K: Health Behavior and Health Education Theory, Research, and Practice. Using the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model. 3 edition Jossey-Bass; 2008; 5: 404-33.
Lawrence W. Green, Marshall W, Kreuter: Health Program Planning: An educational and ecological approach. 4th Edition. MC Graw Hill co 2005: 458.
Munhall PL, Editor. Nursing Research: A Qualitative Perspective. Sudbury,MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers 2006.
Wood L, Haberd G. Nursing research: methods, clinical appraisal, and utilization. 5th Ed, St. Louis: Mosby co 2002.
Abedi HA, Ravani Pour M, Karimollahi M, Yousefi H. Qualitative research methods in nursing. 1st ed. Tehran: Bashari,2007. (In Persian)
Hajizadeh E, Asghari M. Statistical Methods and Analyses in Health and Biosciences, A Research Methodological Approach, Using SPSS Practical guide.Co. Jahade daneshgahi 2011; 395-448. (In Persian)
Hyrkas K, Appelqvist SK, Oksa L. Validating an instrument for clinical supervision using an expert panel. Int J Nurs Stud 2003; 40: 619-25.
Lawshe CH. A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Psychology 1975; 28: 563-75.
Waltz CF, Bausell RB. Nursing research: Decision statistics and computer analysis. Philadelphia Fa Davis Co 1983.
Juniper EF, Guyott GH, Streiner DL. Clinical impact versus factor analysis for quality of life questionnaire construction. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 1997;50: 233-8.
Lacasse Y, Godbout C, Series F. Health related quality of life in obstructive sleep apnea. European Respiratory Journal 2002; 19:499-03.
Broder HL, McGrth C, Cisneros GJ. E Questionnaire development: face validity and item impact testing of the child oral Heath impact profile. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2007; 35: 8-19.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 8, No 3 (September 2014) | |
| Section | Original Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Enabling Factors Hospitals Midwives PRCEDE-PROCEED Model Skin-to-Skin Contact | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
