Body Image, Sexual Function, and Sexual Satisfaction Among Couples Before and After Gynecologic Cosmetic Surgery
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Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to compare women’s body image, sexual function and satisfaction before and after gynecologic cosmetic surgery. The study also aimed to assess women husband’s sexual satisfaction.
Materials and methods: This was a pretest-posttest study. A sample of 50 women attending the pelvic floor clinic of Tehran University of Medical Sciences for gynecologic cosmetic surgery was entered into the study. Surgeries included labiaplasty, clitoral hoodectomy, vaginoplasty, vaginal rejuvenation, anterior and posterior colporrhaphy, perineoplasty, and perineorrhaphy. Women were assessed for the Body Image Quality of Life Inventory (BIQLI), the Larson Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (LSSQ-F), and Female Sexual Function Inventory (FSFI-6) at two points in time: baseline (one week before surgery) and 3 months after surgery. Similarly, the male partners were assed for sexual satisfaction using the Larson Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (LSSQ-M). To analyze the data paired samples t-test was applied.
Results: The mean (SD) age of women was 43.36 (8.6) years and the mean (SD) duration of marriage was 22.18 (9.7) years. Ninety-four percent had history of vaginal delivery and 58.7 percent attend surgery due to husband’s sexual dissatisfaction. The results showed that women’s body image, sexual function and couples’ sexual satisfaction improved significantly after gynecologic cosmetic surgery (p ≤ 0.001).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that female genital cosmetic surgery improved the body image and sexual function of women and sexual satisfaction in couples that might lead to a more pleasurable and healthier marital relationship.
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11. Paslakis G, Chiclana Actis C, Mestre-Bach G. Associations between pornography exposure, body image and sexual body image: A systematic review. J Health Psychol 2022; 27: 743-60.
12. Eftekhar T, Hajibabaei M, Deldar Pesikhani M, Rahnama P, Montazeri A. Sexual quality of life, female sexual function, female genital self-and body image among women requesting genital cosmetic surgery: a comparative study. Psychology & Sexuality 2019; 10: 94-100.
13. Isidori AM, Pozza C, Esposito K, Giugliano D, Morano S, Vignozzi L, et al. Development and validation of a 6-item version of the female sexual function index (FSFI) as a diagnostic tool for female sexual dysfunction. J Sex Med 2010; 7: 1139-46.
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15. Cash TF, Fleming EC. The impact of body image experiences: development of the body image quality of life inventory. Int J Eat Disord 2002; 31: 455-60.
16. Khoshay A, Shasavari S. The survey of cardiac rehabilitation process on the changes of body image quality of life in patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences 2013; 16: 635-43.
17. Larson JH, Anderson SM, Holman TB, Niemann BK. A longitudinal study of the effects of premarital communication, relationship stability, and self-esteem on sexual satisfaction in the first year of marriage.
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19. Heiman JR, Long JS, Smith SN, Fisher WA, Sand MS, Rosen RC. Sexual satisfaction and relationship happiness in midlife and older couples in five countries. Arch Sex Behav 2011; 40: 741-53.
20. Pascoal PM, Narciso Ide S, Pereira NM. What is sexual satisfaction? Thematic analysis of lay people's definitions. J Sex Res 2014; 51: 22-30.
21. Goodman MP, Placik OJ, Benson RH 3rd, Miklos JR, Moore RD, Jason RA, et al. A large multicenter outcome study of female genital plastic surgery. J Sex Med 2010; 7: 1565-77.
22. Sharp G, Tiggemann M, Mattiske J. A retrospective study of the psychological outcomes of labiaplasty. Aesthet Surg J 2017; 37: 324-31.
23. Culligan PJ, Haughey S, Lewis C, Priestley J, Salamon C. Sexual Satisfaction Changes Reported by Men After Their Partners' Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexies. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2019; 25: 365-8.
24. World Health Organization. Measuring sexual health: Conceptual and practical considerations and related indicators. 2010.
25. Rahmani A, Alahgholi L, Merghati Khuee E. How does sexual satisfaction relate to marital satisfaction among Iranians? Int J Obstet Gynecol 2009; 107: S558-9.
26. Alahveriani K, Rajaie H, Shakeri Z, Lohrasbi A. Studying the relationship between sexual disorder and marriage satisfaction in those suffering from depression. Procedia Soc Behav Sci 2010; 5: 1672-5.
27. Ziaee T, Jannati Y, Mobasheri E, Taghavi T, Abdollahi H, Modanloo M, Behnampour N. The relationship between marital and sexual satisfaction among married women employees at Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci 2014; 8: 44-51.
28. Carpenter LM, Nathanson CA, Kim YJ. Physical women, emotional men: Gender and sexual satisfaction in midlife. Arch Sex Behav 2009; 38: 87-107.
29. Pujols Y, Seal BN, Meston CM. The association between sexual satisfaction and body image in women. J Sex Med 2010; 7: 905-16.
30. Oranges CM, Schaefer KM, Haug M, Schaefer DJ. The impact of aesthetic surgery on body image and its implications for mental and physical health. Aesthet Surg J 2016; 36: NP256-8.
31. Al-Jumah MM, Al-Wailiy SK, Al-Badr A. Satisfaction Survey of Women after Cosmetic Genital Procedures: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum 2020; 3: ojaa048.
32. Goodman M, Fashler S, Miklos JR, Moore RD, Brotto LA. The sexual, psychological, and body image health of women undergoing elective vulvovaginal plastic/cosmetic procedures: A pilot study. The American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 2011; 28: 219-26.
33. Salehahmadi Z, Rafie SR. Factors affecting patients undergoing cosmetic surgery in bushehr, southern iran. World J Plast Surg 2012; 1: 99-106.
34. Rowen TS, Gaither TW, Shindel AW, Breyer BN. Characteristics of genital dissatisfaction among a nationally representative sample of US women. J Sex Med 2018; 15: 698-704.
2. Iglesia CB, Yurteri-Kaplan L, Alinsod R. Female genital cosmetic surgery: a review of techniques and outcomes. Int Urogynecol J 2013; 24: 1997-2009.
3. Committee on Gynecologic Practice, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 378: vaginal “rejuvenation” and cosmetic vaginal procedures. Obstet Gynecol 2007; 110: 737–8.
4. van den Brink F, Vollmann M, Smeets MAM, Hessen DJ, Woertman L. Relationships between body image, sexual satisfaction, and relationship quality in romantic couples. J Fam Psychol 2018; 32: 466-74.
5. 5. Goodman MP, Placik OJ, Matlock DL, Simopoulos AF, Dalton TA, Veale D, et al. Evaluation of body image and sexual satisfaction in women undergoing female genital plastic/cosmetic surgery. Aesthet Surg J 2016; 36: 1048-57.
6. Ekrami F, Mirghafourvand M, Farzipour S. Comparison of the Body Image Between Women Seeking Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery and Women Not Interested in FGCS: A Case Control Study. Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences 2018; 5: 332-7.
7. Callaghan GM, Lopez A, Wong L, Northcross J, Anderson KR. Predicting consideration of cosmetic surgery in a college population: A continuum of body image disturbance and the importance of coping strategies. Body Image 2011; 8: 267-74.
8. Nerini A, Matera C, Stefanile C. Psychosocial predictors in consideration of cosmetic surgery among women. Aesthetic plastic surgery 2014; 38: 461-6.
9. Slevec J, Tiggemann M. Attitudes toward cosmetic surgery in middle-aged women: Body image, aging anxiety, and the media. Psychology of women quarterly 2010; 34: 65-74.
10. Walker CE, Krumhuber EG, Dayan S,Furnham A. Effects of social media use on desire for cosmetic surgery among young women. Curr Psychology 2021; 40: 55-64.
11. Paslakis G, Chiclana Actis C, Mestre-Bach G. Associations between pornography exposure, body image and sexual body image: A systematic review. J Health Psychol 2022; 27: 743-60.
12. Eftekhar T, Hajibabaei M, Deldar Pesikhani M, Rahnama P, Montazeri A. Sexual quality of life, female sexual function, female genital self-and body image among women requesting genital cosmetic surgery: a comparative study. Psychology & Sexuality 2019; 10: 94-100.
13. Isidori AM, Pozza C, Esposito K, Giugliano D, Morano S, Vignozzi L, et al. Development and validation of a 6-item version of the female sexual function index (FSFI) as a diagnostic tool for female sexual dysfunction. J Sex Med 2010; 7: 1139-46.
14. Ghassami M, Shaeiri MR, Asghari Moghadam MA, Rahmati N. The study of the psychometric properties of the 6-item version of the female sexual function index (FSFI-6) amongest Iranian women. Nursing and Midwifery 2014; 12: 532-43.
15. Cash TF, Fleming EC. The impact of body image experiences: development of the body image quality of life inventory. Int J Eat Disord 2002; 31: 455-60.
16. Khoshay A, Shasavari S. The survey of cardiac rehabilitation process on the changes of body image quality of life in patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences 2013; 16: 635-43.
17. Larson JH, Anderson SM, Holman TB, Niemann BK. A longitudinal study of the effects of premarital communication, relationship stability, and self-esteem on sexual satisfaction in the first year of marriage.
J Sex Marital Ther 1998; 24: 193-206.
18. Bahrami N, Yaghoob zadeh A, Sharif Nia H, Soliemani MA, Haghdoost A. Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of Larson sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire in Couples. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences 2016; 23: 344-56.
19. Heiman JR, Long JS, Smith SN, Fisher WA, Sand MS, Rosen RC. Sexual satisfaction and relationship happiness in midlife and older couples in five countries. Arch Sex Behav 2011; 40: 741-53.
20. Pascoal PM, Narciso Ide S, Pereira NM. What is sexual satisfaction? Thematic analysis of lay people's definitions. J Sex Res 2014; 51: 22-30.
21. Goodman MP, Placik OJ, Benson RH 3rd, Miklos JR, Moore RD, Jason RA, et al. A large multicenter outcome study of female genital plastic surgery. J Sex Med 2010; 7: 1565-77.
22. Sharp G, Tiggemann M, Mattiske J. A retrospective study of the psychological outcomes of labiaplasty. Aesthet Surg J 2017; 37: 324-31.
23. Culligan PJ, Haughey S, Lewis C, Priestley J, Salamon C. Sexual Satisfaction Changes Reported by Men After Their Partners' Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexies. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2019; 25: 365-8.
24. World Health Organization. Measuring sexual health: Conceptual and practical considerations and related indicators. 2010.
25. Rahmani A, Alahgholi L, Merghati Khuee E. How does sexual satisfaction relate to marital satisfaction among Iranians? Int J Obstet Gynecol 2009; 107: S558-9.
26. Alahveriani K, Rajaie H, Shakeri Z, Lohrasbi A. Studying the relationship between sexual disorder and marriage satisfaction in those suffering from depression. Procedia Soc Behav Sci 2010; 5: 1672-5.
27. Ziaee T, Jannati Y, Mobasheri E, Taghavi T, Abdollahi H, Modanloo M, Behnampour N. The relationship between marital and sexual satisfaction among married women employees at Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci 2014; 8: 44-51.
28. Carpenter LM, Nathanson CA, Kim YJ. Physical women, emotional men: Gender and sexual satisfaction in midlife. Arch Sex Behav 2009; 38: 87-107.
29. Pujols Y, Seal BN, Meston CM. The association between sexual satisfaction and body image in women. J Sex Med 2010; 7: 905-16.
30. Oranges CM, Schaefer KM, Haug M, Schaefer DJ. The impact of aesthetic surgery on body image and its implications for mental and physical health. Aesthet Surg J 2016; 36: NP256-8.
31. Al-Jumah MM, Al-Wailiy SK, Al-Badr A. Satisfaction Survey of Women after Cosmetic Genital Procedures: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum 2020; 3: ojaa048.
32. Goodman M, Fashler S, Miklos JR, Moore RD, Brotto LA. The sexual, psychological, and body image health of women undergoing elective vulvovaginal plastic/cosmetic procedures: A pilot study. The American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 2011; 28: 219-26.
33. Salehahmadi Z, Rafie SR. Factors affecting patients undergoing cosmetic surgery in bushehr, southern iran. World J Plast Surg 2012; 1: 99-106.
34. Rowen TS, Gaither TW, Shindel AW, Breyer BN. Characteristics of genital dissatisfaction among a nationally representative sample of US women. J Sex Med 2018; 15: 698-704.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 15, No 4 (December 2021) | |
| Section | Original Articles | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jfrh.v15i4.7892 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Plastic Surgery Body Image Sexual Behavior Orgasm | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Eftekhar T, Hajibabaei M, Veisi F, Ghanbari Z, Montazeri A. Body Image, Sexual Function, and Sexual Satisfaction Among Couples Before and After Gynecologic Cosmetic Surgery. J Family Reprod Health. 2021;15(4):252-257.
