Inhabitation Effect of Linoleic Acid, the Ingredient of Nigella sativa (Black Seed) on MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells
,
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate inhibition and anti-cancer effects of Linoleic acid on the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.
Materials and methods: Cell lines Human breast cancer MCF-7 (GDC055) and MDA-MB-231 (HTB-26) cell lines were obtained from ATCC. MCF-7 estrogen receptor positive human breast cancer cell line and the estrogen receptor negative human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, were grown in DMEM. MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines were observed. For each experiment, seven doses were considered diluting from the highest to the lowest doses by half, respectively. MTS apoptosis and cytotoxic activity assay were used in order to find toxic effects, and the results were supported by flow cytometry (Cell cycle analysis).
Results: The results showed the cytotoxic effect of Linoleic acid on the breast cancer cell lines that can be posed as an anti-cancer effect of lionleic acid. According to our findings, when the concentration of lionleic acid was increased, compared with the concentrations currently being reported, it shows anti-cancer effects.
Conclusion: It was concluded that Linoleic acid has an inhibiting effect on human breast cancer cell lines which can be due to its two double-bandings molecular structure.
Kong JM, Goh NK, Chia LS, Chia TF. Recent advances in traditional plant drugs and orchids. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2003; 24: 7–21.
Narayanan BA, Narayanan NK, Simi B, Reddy BS.. Modulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and related proinflammatory genes by the omega–3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Res 2003; 63: 972–9.
Calder PC. N–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation: from molecular biology to the clinic. Lipids 2003; 38: 343–52.
Hirayama T. Epidemiology of breast cancer with special reference to the role of diet. Orev Med 1978; 7:173–95.
Wynder EL, Rose DP, Cohen LA. Diet and breast cancer in causation and therapy. Cancer 1986; 58: 1804–13.
Chujo H, Yamasaki M, Nou S, Koyanagi N, Tachibana H, Yamada K. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid isomers on growth factor–induced proliferation of human breast cancer cells. Cancer Letter 2003; 202: 81–7.
Tanmahasamut P, Liu J, Hendry LB, Sidell N. Conjugated linoleic Acid blocks estrogen signaling in human breast cancer cells. J Nutr 2004; 134: 674–80.
Kim EJ, Kang IJ, Cho HJ, Kim WK, Ha YL, Park JH. Conjugated linoleic acid downregulates insulin–like growth factor–I receptor levels in HT–29 human colon cancer cells. J Nutr 2003; 133: 2675–81.
Ochoa JJ, Farquharson AJ, Grant I, Moffat LE, Heys SD, Wahle W. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA’s) decrease prostate cancer cell proliferation: different molecular mechanisms for cis–9, trans–11 and trans–10, cis–12 isomers. Carcinogenesis. 2004; 25: 1185–91.
Miglietta A, Bozzo F, Bocca C, Gabriel L, Trombetta A, Belotti S, et al. Conjugated linoleic acid induces apoptosis in MDA–MB–231breast cancer cells through ERK/MAPK signaling and mitochondrial pathway. Cancer Letters 2006; 234: 149–57.
Chamras H, Ardashian A, Heber D, Glaspy JA. Fatty acid modulation of MCF–7 human breast cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2002; 13: 711–6.
Kim JH, Hubbarda NE, Ziboh V, Erickson KL. Attenuation of breast tumor cell growth by conjugated linoleic acid via inhibition of 5–lipoxygenase activating protein. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2005; 1736: 244 –50.
Ip C, Carter CA, Ip MM. Requirement of essential fatty acid for mammary tumorigenesis in the rat. Cancer Res 1985; 45:1997–2001.
Belury MA, Nickel KP, Bird CE, Wu Y. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid modulation of phorbol ester skin tumor promotion, Nutr. Cancer 1996; 26:149–57.
Shultz TD, Chew BP, Seaman WR. Differential stimulatory and inhibitory responses of human MCF–7 breast cancer cells to linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid in culture. Anticancer Res 1992; 12: 2143–5.
Park Y, Allen KG, Shultz TD. Modulation of MCF–7 breast cancer cell signal transduction by linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid in culture, Anticancer Res 2000; 20: 669–76.
Reed LJ, Muench H. A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints. The American Journal of Hygiene 1938; 27: 493–7.
Ormerod MG. Flow Cytometry: A Practical Approach, 2nd. Oxford University Press, Inc., NY, USA 1992.
Cury–Boaventura MF, Pompéia C, Curi R. Comparative toxicity of oleic acid and linoleic acid on Jurkat cells. J Clinical Nutrition 2004; 23: 721–32.
Martins de Lima T, Cury–Boaventura MF, Giannocco G, Nunes MT, Curi R.. Comparative toxicity of fatty acids on a acrophage cell line (J774). Clinical Science 2006; 111: 307–17.
Cury–Boaventura MF, Pompéia C, Curi R. Comparative toxicity of oleic acid and linoleic acid on Raji cells. J Nutrition 2005; 21: 395–405.
Ip C, Ip MM, Loftus T, Shoemaker S, Shea–Eaton W. Induction of Apoptosis by Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Cultured Mammary Tumor Cells and Premalignant Lesions of the Rat Mammary Gland. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000; 9: 689–96.
Miner JL, Cederberg CA, Nielsen MK, Chen X, Baile CA. Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA), Body Fat, and Apoptosis. Obesity Research 2001; 9: 129–34.
Bergamo P, Luongo D, Rossi M.. Conjugated Linoleic Acid – Mediated Apoptosis in Jurkat T Cells Involves the roduction of Reactive Oxygen Species. Cell Physiology and Biochemistry 2004; 14: 57–64.
Wang LS, Huang YW, Liu S, Yan P, Lin YC. Conjugated linoleic acid induces apoptosis through estrogen receptor alpha in human breast tissue. BMC Cancer 2008; 8: 208.
Andrade LN, de Lima TM, Curi R, Castrucci AM. Toxicity of fatty acids on murine and human melanoma cell lines. Toxicology In vitro 2005; 19: 553–660.
Chamras H, Ardashian A, Heber D, Glaspy JA. Fatty acid modulation of MCF–7 human breast cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation, Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2002; 13: 711– 6.
Belury MA. Inhibition of carcinogenesis by conjugated linoleic acid: potential mechanisms of action. J Nutr 2002; 132:2995–8.
Thompson H, Zhu Z, Banni S, Darcy K, Loftus T, Ip C. Morphological and biochemical status of the mammary gland as influenced by conjugated linoleic acid: implication for a reduction in mammary cancer risk. Cancer Res 1997; 57: 5067–72.
Ip C, Chin SF, Scimeca JA, Pariza MW. Mammary cancer prevention by conjugated dienoic derivative of linoleic acid, Cancer Res 1991; 51: 6118–24.
Ip C, Dong Y, Ip MM, Banni S, Carta G, Angioni E, et al. Conjugated linoleic acid isomers and mammary cancer prevention, Nutr. Cancer 2002; 43: 52–8.
Liew C, Schut HAJ, Chin SF, Pariza MW, Dashwood RH. Protection of conjugated linoleic acid against 2– amino–3–methylimidazol [4,5–f] quinoline–induced colon carcinogenesis in the F344 rat: A study of inhibitory mechanisms, Carcinogenesis. 1995; 16:3037–43.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 4, No 4 (December 2010) | |
| Section | Original Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Linoleic acid Nigella sativa MDA-MB-231 MCF-7 | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
