Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 19 2 2025 08 05 69 84 Simin Montazeri Department of Midwifery, Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Setareh Yousefi Student Research Committee, Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Nahid Javadifar Department of Midwifery, Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2025 01 19 2025 06 29 Objective: Adolescent pregnancy is a pressing public health issue that significantly impacts the health and well-being of young mothers and their children. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of psychosocial prenatal interventions for pregnant adolescents, aiming to identify strategies that enhance maternal and neonatal outcomes. Materials and methods: Systematic comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Grey Literature. Studies published from 1996 to January 2023 were included if they focused on pregnant adolescents aged 10-22 years and employed randomized controlled trial (RCT) designs. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. Results: Out of 2,450 articles screened, 22 studies met the inclusion criteria, revealing diverse interventions categorized into six main types: antenatal/postnatal educational programs, psychological interventions, home visits, partner support, and social support interventions. Findings indicated that these psychosocial interventions significantly improved maternal mental health, increased prenatal care utilization, and enhanced perinatal outcomes. However, the review highlighted the need for more rigorously designed studies to establish definitive conclusions regarding the most effective intervention strategies. Conclusion: Results show Educational programs focusing on antenatal and postnatal care effectively enhance knowledge, reduce substance abuse, and boost breastfeeding confidence, leading to better pregnancy outcomes. While psychosocial interventions have improved mental health and school attendance. Home visiting programs have positively impacted maternal well-being and parenting skills. Group prenatal care (GPNC) is beneficial, especially for high-risk adolescents, by combining health evaluations with group education and support. Integrating psychosocial support into prenatal care models can help reduce health disparities among adolescent populations. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/3097 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/3097/718

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 19 2 2025 08 05 97 105 Mamak Shariat Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nasrin Abedinia Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatereh Momeni Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Yasamin Soufi Enayati Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 06 29 2025 06 29 Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing psychosocial disorders before and after contracting COVID-19 in women in the city of Tehran. Materials and methods: A retrospective descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 250 women who had recovered from COVID-19. The data were collected from the information registration system for COVID-19 patients in Tehran-Iran from the year 2019 until 2020. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires, The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), The Billings and Moss Coping Strategies, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Russell Loneliness Scale, Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data analysis was performed using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The SPSS-20 software was utilized for data analysis. Results: The results obtained in this study indicated that women who had more severe COVID-19 reported higher levels of depression and cognitive disorders and lower sexual tendencies after recovery compared to women with mild COVID-19. There was a significant difference in disease severity (from mild to severe) in psychological variables such as sleep and sexual disorders, depression, social support, and cognition before and after recovery from COVID-19 (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Due to severe fear and anxiety and other psychological disorders in people infected with Corona even after recovery from the disease, Psychologists should take measures for the relaxation and mental health of patients, such as consultations (online and by phone) for patients at home during quarantine, which will cause the patient to recover as quickly as possible and prevent mental disorders of the patients. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2806 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2806/720

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 19 2 2025 08 05 85 96 Rocío Paricio-del-Castillo Department of Mental Health, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain María de los Ángeles Cano-Linares Department of Public International Law and International Relations. Rey Juan Carlos University, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain Mónica Díaz de Neira Hernando Department of Mental Health, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain 2024 10 03 2025 06 29 Objective: Assisted reproductive techniques (ART) have evolved significantly since the early 20th century, driven by biomedical advances and profound socio-cultural shifts worldwide, particularly in Spain. This expansion has enabled access to parenthood in previously inaccessible situations, such as infertility and diverse family structures, yet it also poses risks of human rights violations. Materials and methods: A reflective analysis is conducted on the practices in Spanish healthcare related to assisted reproduction, based on national legislation and its alignment with international human rights legislation. The review of international standards was carried out using normative sources from the United Nations (UN), the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), the World Health Organization (WHO), the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights of UNESCO, and those adopted in the European regional context by the Council of Europe, particularly the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine. Results: This article examines potential human rights violations within Spain's ART healthcare framework, identifying gaps in international human rights compliance. Despite Spain's progressive legislation on ART, discrepancies remain with evolving European standards, especially concerning oocyte donation and donor anonymity. Conclusion: The goal is to promote reflection, improve the quality of care, and protect the health and rights of women, children, and families using ART, while ensuring that clinical practices align with human rights principles. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2950 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2950/719

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 19 2 2025 08 05 106 110 EN Afsaneh Tehranian Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Haniyeh Alambeygi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sheida Abbasi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Akram Ghahghaei-Nezamabadi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Marjan Ghaemi Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Rana Karimi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Arash Women’s Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 08 20 2024 12 31 Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the progesterone challenge test (PCT) in the diagnosis of hyperplastic and cancerous endometrium in high-risk postmenopausal women. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 72 postmenopausal women without abnormal uterine bleeding who had risk factors for endometrial cancer were recruited. Patients with endometrial thickness of 4 mm or more as determined transvaginal ultrasonography were tested with progesterone challenge test. If there were any bleeding (spotting to severe bleeding) in the next two weeks, the test would be considered positive. After two weeks, all of the participants despite the result of PCT underwent office endometrial biopsy. In the end, all the results of PCT were compared with endometrial biopsy results. Results: The mean age of the participants was 57.7 ±8.15 years. The progesterone challenge test was positive in 17 women (22%).  Among the participants with positive progesterone challenge test, most of them show hyperplasia (62.5%) and 4.2% show endometrial cancer. According to the results, PCT had 37.5% accuracy, 20.8% sensitivity, 70.8 % specificity, 58.8% positive predictive value (PPV), and 30.9 % negative predictive value (NPV) for diagnosis of endometrial pathology. Conclusion: We suggest that due to the unacceptable sensitivity and specificity of the PCT, this test alone is not suitable for screening of endometrial cancer or hyperplasia. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2876 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2876/721

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 19 2 2025 08 05 111 121 Farideh Zangeneh Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Mehdi Naghizadeh Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran Mina Jafarabadi Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Masoumeh Dehghan Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam Bagheri Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 10 02 2025 06 29 Objective: Building upon prior research, our investigation focused on examining changes in gene expression of Connexins 37 and 43 (Cx) influenced by β2-adrenergic agents in cumulus cell cultures from women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and poor ovarian response (POR), all of whom were candidates for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Materials and methods: This experimental study was conducted between April 2021 and November 2023, involving three groups: a control group (donated eggs) and two study groups (POR and PCO). All three groups received ovulation stimulation drugs. Following oocyte puncture, cumulus cells (CCs) were isolated and placed in a culture medium. After three passages, CCs were exposed to the ADR-β2 agonist isoproterenol and its antagonist propranolol (100nM for both drugs). RNA extraction was performed, and cDNA was synthesized. Real-time PCR was used to determine gene expression, and protein levels were measured through the Western blotting method. Results: The gene expression of Cx 37/43 was significantly reduced in all three groups (P<0.001). For women with PCO and POR, Isop notably decreased expressions (P<0.001), while Prop increased them (P<0.001). Western Blot results confirmed these findings. Conclusion: The findings of this in-vitro study suggest that the beta-2 adrenergic antagonist propranolol could upregulate gene expression of Cx37/43 in the cellular connections of CCs among infertile women. Consequently, propranolol may enhance communication between CCs and oocytes, facilitating the transfer of signalling messengers and other essential agents required for oocyte development. This novel discovery could have significant implications for oocyte growth and maturation, offering valuable perspectives on drug treatment and assisted reproductive technology. This novel discovery could have significant implications for oocyte growth and maturation, offering valuable perspectives on drug treatment and assisted reproductive technology. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2947 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2947/722

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 19 2 2025 08 05 122 127 EN Anis Mohammadi Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Ashraf Moini Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Endocrinology and Female, Infertility at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran Sarvenaz Falsafi Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Thoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2025 01 13 2025 04 30 Objective: It is estimated that infertility affects approximately 9-30% of couples in their reproductive age and microorganisms may play an important role in such genital system dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of lactobacilli, Gardnerella, Enterobacteriaceae, and streptococci in the vagina, cervix and endometrium of women who referred for infertility and the healthy women who referred for oocyte donation. Materials and methods: The endometrial, cervical and vaginal swab specimens were collected three days after the end of menstruation and cultured to isolate lactobacilli. DNA form these specimens was extracted and subjected to quantitative real-time PCR to determine the frequency of the above bacteria. All uterine biopsy samples were tested for the presence of bacterial DNA by PCR method. Results: 94% of uterine biopsy samples contained bacterial DNA. The frequency of lactobacilli identified by reauthor> Azadeh Tarafdari Menshadi Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mamak Shariat Maternal, Fetal & Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saiedeh Shahsavari Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Fedyeh Haghollahi Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Elham Azimi Nekoo Jacobi Medical Center / Albert Einstein University, New York, United States 2023 06 13 2023 08 15 Objective: Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) is proposed to have important role in cell division and proliferation, angiogenesis and health. This study evaluates the effect of a single injection of autologous PRP on ovarian response markers in women with poor ovarian response (POR). Materials and methods: This non-randomized clinical trial was conducted between August 2020 and September 2021. Fifty six women with Bologna criteria for POR willingly chose to participate in one of the following groups: PRP for one cycle in the time of oocyte pickup (OPU) (intervention group, n= 34) or control group (n=22).The primary outcomes were: number and quality of oocytes in coming 2 cycles of ICSI, and Anti Mullerian Hormone (AMH) level two months after PRP injection. The secondary outcomes were the number and quality of embryos and chemical pregnancy rate after embryo transfer. Results: A total of 45 participants continued the study, of which 23 were in the intervention group and 22 in control group. There were no demographic differences between two groups. At a two cycle follow up, PRP group experienced a significant improvement in AMH level and there was no respective change in control group. In one year follow up the overall pregnancy rates were same in both groups (3% Vs. 0, p=.60), while there was no difference in cumulative number and quality of embryos. Conclusion: PRP injection can improve ovarian reserve marker without adverse effects. Further evidence is required to evaluate the impact of PRP on assisted reproduction outcomes. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2400 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2400/652

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 17 3 2023 09 03 174 178 Fateme Salehi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sara Saeedi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zeynab Amiriariya Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Elham Feizabad Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2023 06 21 2023 08 15 Objective: Pelvic access is a challenging matter in abdominal hysterectomy especially in obese patients and presence of pelvic adhesions. Uterus manipulators (UM) have been used in a number of studies on laparoscopic approach to improve surgical performance. This study aimed to assess the impact of UM application on the operation time and blood loss in total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) for benign diseases. Materials and methods: Forty-one patients aged 34 to 56 years were enrolled for abdominal hysterectomy – 20 as the case group (hysterectomy with UM application) and 21 as the control group (conventional hysterectomy). In the case group, UM was used after uterus artery ligation during TAH. The control group underwent traditional TAH. Results: The mean operation time was significantly less in TAH with UM compared to traditional TAH (90.23 ± 10.54 minutes vs. 140.5 ± 16.61 minutes; p-value<0.001). The mean decline between preoperative and 12-hour postoperative hemoglobin was 0.74 ± 0.23 mg/dL in the TAH with UM group and 1.65± 1.02 mg/dL in the traditional TAH group (p-value<0.001). Also, no difference was detected in intra- and post-operative complications. Conclusion: The current study showed that, using UM is beneficial in total abdominal hysterectomy by decreasing the operative time and blood loss. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2412 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2412/653

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 17 3 2023 09 03 179 184 Azadeh Shabani Preventative Gynecology Research Center (PGRC), Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahshid Farahbakhsh School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Azadeh Mazaheri Meybodi Hospital Research Development Committee and Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nafiseh Faghih Gynecology Department, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Haddadi Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2023 07 26 2023 08 16 Objective: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common mental disorder among women and it can cause negative consequences for them, children, and families; however, accurate statistics and underlying factors on PPD and its severity are not available in Iran. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 women referred to an academic hospital for normal vaginal delivery, which had a full-term and single pregnancy and had passed between 6 weeks and 6 months of delivery, were selected by convenience sampling methods. The Edinburgh Depression Inventory and the checklist for demographic information of mothers were completed. Results: The prevalence of postpartum depression was 11.0% and 68.2% of mothers had a mild type. 31.8% had a history of depression. There was a significant relationship between the severity of postpartum depression in women with a previous history of depression (P = 0.012). Between postpartum depression and maternal age (P = 0.115), body mass index at delivery (P = 0.571), number of pregnancies (P = 0.693), number of deliveries (P = 0.446), number of abortions (P = 0.424), willing or unwilling pregnancy (P = 0.451), neonatal sex (P = 0.533), history of neonatal hospitalization (P = 0.725), previous history disease (P = 0.725) was no statistical association. Conclusion: The prevalence of PPD was approximately 11%, and there was a significant association between postpartum depression severity and a history of depression Physicians and policymakers should consider early screening for PPD, especially among women with previous depression. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2438 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2438/654

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 17 3 2023 09 03 185 190 Iraj Shahramian Department of Pediatrics, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Leli Rezaie Kahkhaie Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Amiralmomenin Hospital, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Mahdi Shirdel Kahkha Zhaleh Student Research Committee, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Mahdi Afshari Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran 2023 07 16 2023 08 16 Erratum. J Family Reprod Health. 2023;17(4):270.DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jfrh.v17i4.14667 Objective: Changes in endocrine, nervous, renal, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems during pregnancy have been studied, but changes in liver function have been poorly studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the trend of changes in liver enzymes in normal pregnancy. Materials and methods: This prospective longitudinal study included 68 pregnant women who were referred to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of Amiral Momenin Hospital in Zabol in 2021. In terms of the trimester of pregnancy, the presence of underlying diseases, history of previous pregnancies, disorders of the enzymes of recent patients, the patients were evaluated, and the information from the patients' files was analyzed. Results: The average AST levels in pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters were 16.82, 17.47, and 18.00, respectively, which show that garlic consumption is increasing. The average PT in pregnant women decreased in the first, second, and third trimesters. The average direct and total bilirubin levels in pregnant women in the first and second trimesters showed a constant trend. The amount of total protein increased in pregnant women during the first, second, and third trimesters. In the second and third trimesters, the enzyme level was significantly higher in pregnant women than in nonpregnant women. The level of GGT in pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters showed a different trend. Conclusion: Accurate evaluation of patients, especially in the third trimester, is necessary from the point of view of increasing enzyme levels in other countries.   https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2424 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2424/655

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 17 3 2023 09 03 191 193 Paola Algeri Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ASST Bergamo Est, Seriate, Bergamo, Italy Laura Colonna Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ASST Bergamo Est, Seriate, Bergamo, Italy Silvia Bergamelli Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ASST Bergamo Est, Seriate, Bergamo, Italy Laura Imbruglia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ASST Bergamo Est, Seriate, Bergamo, Italy Nunzia Mastrocola Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ASST Bergamo Est, Seriate, Bergamo, Italy Silvia Von Wunster Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, ASST Bergamo Est, Seriate, Bergamo, Italy 2023 03 04 2023 08 15 Objective: In case of uterine prolapse, hyseroxacropexy, a conservative surgical approach, which allows the sparing of body image and sexuality, could be the choice in fertile women. Few information are reported on subsequent pregnancy after surgery. Case report: A 33 years-old women with symptomatic prolapse underwent a laparoscopic hysterosacropexy. Subsequently she expressed her pregnancy desire and she got pregnant. A scheduled caesarean section was performed without complication. The subsequent follow-up was regular: the patient was asymptomatic and presented no sign of prolapse recurrence. Conclusion: In motivate and well counselled patient, informed about the risk of prolapse recurrence, pregnancy could be considered after hysterosacropexy. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2310 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh