Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 17 2 2023 06 11 65 72 Shayesteh Behnam Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Saeed Zavareh School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran Mojdeh Salehnia Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 2022 09 14 2023 04 08 Objective: Oxidative stress affects the development of ovarian follicles during in vitro culture thus applying an antioxidant is necessary. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on the expression of apoptosis-related genes of mouse ovaries during in vitro culture. Materials and methods: The immature mouse ovaries were cultured in the presence of 50 μM CoQ10 for 7 days. Histological examinations were performed and the 17 beta-estradiol concentration was measured on the seventh day of culture. The relative expression of Caspase 3, Bax, Bad, and Bcl 2 genes were investigated by real-time RT-PCR. Results: The rates of normal follicles in the presence of CoQ10 was significantly increased compared to the control group. Also, in CoQ10-trated group a significant increase in the level of 17 beta-estradiol was seen compared to the control group. The mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2 was significantly increased while the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Caspase3, Bax and Bad) significantly declined in CoQ10 treated group compared to those of control group. Conclusion: The supplementation of the ovarian culture media with CoQ10 improved the follicular development through alteration in expression of apoptosis-related genes and stimulated the production of estradiol. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2175 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2175/637

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 17 2 2023 06 11 105 108 Ruchita Sinha Department of Obs & Gynae, Tata Manipal Medical College, Jharkhand, India Mamta Datta Department of Obs & Gynae, Tata Main Hospital, Jharkhand, India Vinita Singh Department of Obs & Gynae, Tata Main Hospital, Jharkhand, India 2022 11 21 2023 05 27 Objective: Dengue cases in pregnancy have high morbidity and mortality. More so if it leads to immune thrombocytopenic purpura which causes a drastic decrease in platelet, increasing chances of bleeding and mortality and pregnancy itself being a state of hemodynamic instability. Case report: Here, we present a case of dengue causing secondary immune thrombocytopenia. Managing these cases is challenging and need a multidisciplinary approach and should be done at a higher center. In previous reports, thrombocytopenia in such cases responded to steroids or IVIG. But in our case patient did not respond to either of them but to Romiplostim. There are only a few studies on the use of Romiplostim in dengue and dengue induced ITP and more study is required. Conclusion: Dengue induced persistent thrombocytopenia is rare but should always be kept in mind in managing these cases. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2218 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2218/643

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 17 2 2023 06 11 116 117 Deenadayalan Boopalan Department of Naturopathy, Government Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, India Vijayakumar Venugopal; Department of Yoga, Government Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, India Poornima Ravi Government Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, India Maheshkumar Kuppusamy Department of Physiology, Government Yoga & Naturopathy Medical College & Hospital, The Tamilnadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai, India 2022 10 16 2023 04 09 No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2206 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2206/646

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 17 2 2023 06 11 73 79 EN Anjali Gupta Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India Sarika Gautam Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India Shelly Chanana Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India Neetu Sangwan Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India Savita Singhal Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India Smriti Anand Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India Sonia Dahiya Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India 2022 09 07 2023 04 04 Objective: Comparison of two different intervals of misoprostol administration after mifepristone in second trimester abortions. Materials and methods: This 12-month prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care facility. Only pregnancies with congenital deformity or sterilisation failure were included in the study's recruitment of 100 women who visited the hospital for a second trimester abortion between 12 and 20 weeks; cases with scarred uteri were omitted. In a systematic random selection of 50 women in each group, the administration of 200 mg of mifepristone orally was followed by two distinct intervals of intravaginal misoprostol administration at 24- and 48-hour intervals. After 24 hours, group A women received intravaginal 400 mcg misoprostol three hourly, up to a maximum of five doses, while group B received the same doses after 48 hours. Induction abortion interval noted on various parameters and paired t test and chi square test applied. Results: The mean IAI following misoprostol administration was 8.14 2±.03 hours in group A and 7.71 ±2.56 hours in group B. This difference was statistically insignificant. Average misoprostol doses for group A were 1.68±0.71 and for the group, B were 1.68±0.84; both doses were found to be statistically insignificant when used to induce abortion. All women aborted successfully in each group. There was no significant difference in side effects in both groups. Conclusion: Based on the results it was observed that shorter interval between mifepristone and misoprostol i.e., 24 hours can be chosen to decrease the hospital stay as there was no significant difference was seen after intravaginal misoprostol in terms of  induction abortion interval, number of doses and side effects. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2170 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2170/638

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 17 2 2023 06 11 109 112 Elias Mansour Department of Urology, University of Balamand, El-Koura‎, ‎Lebanon Samer Danaf Department of Urology, University of Balamand, El-Koura‎, ‎Lebanon Daniel Ghoussainy Department of Urology, University of Balamand, El-Koura‎, ‎Lebanon Georges Assaf Department of urology, Saint George hospital university medical center, Achrafieh, Lebanon Imad Ghantous Department of urology, Saint George hospital university medical center, Achrafieh, Lebanon Fouad El-Khoury Department of urology, Saint George hospital university medical center, Achrafieh, Lebanon 2022 11 27 2023 05 28 Objective: Present a case of zuclopenthixol associated priapism, literature review and focus on the stuttering priapism entity as a potential serious complication as well as providing information about possible preventive treatments. Case report: A 44 year-old male patient with history of cocaine abuse with associated priapism presents with acute painful erection after starting zuclopenthixol for treatment of a psychotic episode. This episode was later followed by many other similar episodes defined as stuttering priapism. Conclusion: Acute ischemic priapism is a potential serious side effect of antipsychotics that physicians especially psychiatrists needs to be aware of especially if the patient has previous episodes in order to prevent reoccurrence. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2227 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2227/644

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 17 2 2023 06 11 80 85 Maryam Kianpour Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Mina Fazlollahi Mohammadi Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Ashraf Kazami Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Fatemeh Mokhtari Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Sara Arti Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Seyed Mehdi Ahmadi Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, Iran 2022 12 17 2023 05 28 Objective: Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor affecting reproductive health and pregnant outcomes. So far, the effect of this syndrome on the success rate of assisted reproduction techniques (ART) has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and the success rate of ART in infertile women in Isfahan. Materials and methods: A prospective cohort study performed on 147 women candidates using in-vitro fertilization/ intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) and/or ICSI methods referred to Isfahan Infertility Center in two groups with metabolic syndrome(n=49) without metabolic syndrome(n=98), by convenience sampling methods in Isfahan, Iran in 2018. Body mass index (BMI) and waist, abdominal circumference, Serum triglyceride (TG), cholesterol and FBS were measured. If βHCG test was positive (day 15-16 after ART), transvaginal sonography (TVS) was done 15 days later. Pregnant women were followed up to the 20th week of pregnancy. To analyze, t-test, chi-square and logistic regression tests were used. Results: The frequency of metabolic syndrome was 33.4% (n=49).The frequency of ART was not significantly different between women with and without metabolic syndrome (p=0.321). The relative frequency of pregnancy (p=0.907) and abortion (p=0.896) did not show a significant difference between the two groups. Independent t-test showed that the mean FBS, HDL, TG, systolic and diastolic BP, abdominal circumference and BMI in the studied units did not differ significantly based on the occurrence of pregnancy and abortion. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, there was no significant difference between the indicators of metabolic syndrome and the success rate of ART in achieving, pregnancy and pregnant outcomes in the first twenty weeks of pregnancy. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2244 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2244/639

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 17 2 2023 06 11 113 115 Carolina Quental USF Prelada Daniel Brito Family Health Unit, Espaço Saúde, Porto, Portugal João Sobral Family Health Unit, Baltar, Paredes, Portugal Ana Mafalda Macedo Family Health Unit, Prelada, Porto, Portugal 2023 01 31 2023 05 28 Objective: In Raynaud's phenomenon of the nipple there is a change in color, accompanied by pain or discomfort during breastfeeding. Case report: A 29-years old female patient, breastfeeding, develops a severe bilateral nipple pain during and after breastfeeding and biphasic change in nipple color, with difficulties in the breastfeeding technique. She was medicated with nifedipine and recommended application of warm compresses to the nipples and use of electric breast pump, showing complete resolution after four weeks of treatment. Conclusion: Raynaud's phenomenon of the nipple should be considered in breastfeeding women who report nipple pain or discomfort. In clinical practice, nipple pain is a very frequent complaint, and responsible for many cases of early abandonment of breastfeeding. It is therefore essential to make an early diagnosis and implement a correct and immediate treatment. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/2278 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/2278/645

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 17 2 2023 06 11 86 92 Hadis Bahmaei Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Parvaneh Mousavi Reproan Masoumeh Masoumi Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amirali Barkhordarioon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Azadeh Tarafdari Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2025 03 01 2025 09 30 Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of 50 mg/day intramuscular (IM) progesterone in achieving optimal serum P4 levels during endometrial preparation and investigate the association between serum P4 levels on ET day and subsequent fertility outcomes in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Materials and methods: This prospective cohort study included 121 women (aged 22-45 years) undergoing HRT-FET at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex from December 2022 to January 2024. Endometrial preparation began with oral estradiol valerate (6 mg/day) on cycle day 2. Once an endometrial thickness of ≥8 mm was achieved, daily IM P4 (50 mg) was initiated. Serum P4 levels were measured on ET day, and oral dydrogesterone (20 mg/day) was added for patients with P4 levels <10.0 ng/mL. Primary outcomes included chemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and ongoing pregnancy rates. Results: The mean serum P4 level on ET day was 22.8 ± 10.1 ng/mL, with 78.5% of participants achieving the target range (10-32.5 ng/mL) following IM P4 administration. Overall chemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and ongoing pregnancy rates were 23.1%, 18.2%, and 14.1%, respectively, with a miscarriage rate of 5.0%. Multivariate analysis revealed that P4 levels >27.8 ng/mL were associated with reduced odds of chemical pregnancy (OR = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.05-0.86; p = 0.03), while no significant differences were observed in other pregnancy outcomes across P4 quartiles. Conclusion: Daily administration of 50 mg IM P4 effectively achieved optimal serum P4 levels in most patients. While higher P4 levels (>27.8 ng/mL) were associated with reduced chemical pregnancy rates, the absence of significant correlations with other pregnancy outcomes highlights the multifactorial nature of embryo implantation success. These findings emphasize the need for further research to refine P4 thresholds and identify additional predictive factors influencing pregnancy outcomes in FET cycles.   https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/3155 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/3155/734

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 19 3 2025 11 04 226 231 Mohadese Dashtkoohi Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Haddadi Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mostafa Saeedinia Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fedyeh Haghollahi Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Masoumeh Masoumi Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zohreh Heidary Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2025 04 30 2025 09 29 Objective: Infertility is a global health challenge, affecting many couples worldwide. Male infertility contributes to 20–50% of cases. Although semen analysis parameters are widely regarded as key indicators of male fertility, their association with in vitro fertilization (IVF) success remains debated. This study evaluated the relationship between specific semen parameters and grade A embryo formation in IVF among infertile men. Materials and methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a referral infertility center from March 2019 to March 2021, involving 104 men diagnosed with male-factor infertility. Semen parameters, including sperm count, motility, morphology, and volume, were analyzed. The primary outcome was the formation of at least one grade A embryo, defined as a successful IVF outcome. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests and logistic regression. Results: The median age differed significantly between the successful and unsuccessful IVF groups (36 vs. 38 years, p=0.050). No significant differences were observed in semen volume, sperm count, motility, or morphology between groups. Logistic regression revealed that younger age was associated with a higher likelihood of grade A embryo formation (OR=0.935, p=0.012), whereas semen parameters showed no significant association with embryo quality. Conclusion: This study found no significant association between semen parameters and grade A embryo formation in IVF, suggesting that traditional semen analysis has limited predictive value for embryo quality. Although younger age was associated with a higher likelihood of success, the effect size was small (OR=0.935, p=0.012), and its clinical impact may be limited. These findings highlight the potential for successful embryo development despite suboptimal semen parameters and underscore the need for a broader approach to assessing male fertility beyond standard semen analysis. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/3233 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/3233/735

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 19 3 2025 11 04 232 239 EN Pantea Nazeri Breastfeeding Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Najmeh Hamzavi Zarghani Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada Zhale Tahmasebinejad Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohadese Dashtkoohi Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehdi Hedayati Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Parvin Mirmiran Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mamak Shariat Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fereidoun Azizi Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran