Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 11 4 2017 12 10 219 224 EN Hatav Ghasemi Tehrani Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Arezoo Sadeghian Students’ Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Reza Entezari Students’ Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 2017 07 26 2017 12 03 Objective: To evaluate the relationship between maternal serum levels of pregnancy-associated-plasma-protein-A (PAPP-A) and β-human-chorionic-gonadotropin (β-hCG) and pregnancy complications. Materials and methods: This is a case-control study conducted during 2015- 2016. Women at their first pregnancy were enrolled and serum PAPP-A and free-β-hCG were measured in 9-14 weeks of gestation. They were followed till the end of pregnancylooking for complications including preterm labor, pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), abortion, and intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR). Results: A total of 1070 pregnant women (mean age: 28.64 ± 4.95 years) were enrolled. Low serum levels of PAPP-A were more frequent in patients developing IUGR (17.4% versus 1.2%, p < 0.001), preterm labor (13% versus 2%, p = 0.013), and PIH (17.4% versus 4%, p = 0.015) compared those without complications. The serum levels of free-β-hCG were not different in patients with and without complications (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There is an association between low serum levels of PAPP-A and developing IUGR, preterm labor, and PIH. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/654 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/654/404