Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 9 1 2015 03 15 35 40 Monoarul Haque Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS) Dhaka, Bangladesh. Sharmin Hossain Department of Health Promotion & Health Education, Bangladesh University of Health Science (BUHS), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Kazi Rumana Ahmed Department of Health Promotion & Health Education, Bangladesh University of Health Science (BUHS), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Taslima Sultana Department of Public Health, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Hasina Akhter Chowdhury Department of Biostatistics, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Jesmin Akter Department of Reproductive and Child Health, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Dhaka, Bangladesh. 2015 10 16 Objective: To compare the level of knowledge on reproductive health among urban and rural women of selected area of Bangladesh. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken among 200 women selected purposively from different rural and urban areas of Bangladesh. Data were collected using a semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire by face to face interview. Knowledge level was analyzed according to poor, moderate and good knowledge by pre-defined knowledge scoring. Results: Mean age of the respondents was 26 years and majority (66%) of them was housewives. Most of them (61%) had completed their primary level education. Around three-fourth of them belongs to lower-middle income group. Overall level of reproductive health knowledge was more evident among urban reproductive aged women than rural counterparts (p < 0.001). Moreover, significant knowledge gap was found regarding family planning (p = 0.005), care during pregnancy (p < 0.001), safe motherhood (p = 0.002), newborn care (p = 0.009) and birth spacing (p < 0.001) between urban and rural women. Family members were the major source of information in both groups. Conclusion: A wide knowledge gap was found between Bangladeshi urban and rural respondents regarding their reproductive behaviors. Government and concerned organizations should promote and strengthen various health education programs to focus on reproductive health, especially among reproductive aged women in rural area. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/209 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/209/204