Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 13 4 2019 12 02 181 190 Akram Ahangarpour Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Ali Akbar Oroojan Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran AND Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran Soheila Alboghobeish Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Student Research Committee Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Layasadat Khorsandi Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Mitra Moradi Diabetes Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2019 06 11 2019 12 31 Objective: Obesity is associated with reproductive disorders. Arsenic disrupts male reproduction by direct effects on the male gonads or androgens secretion. So, the present study was conducted to evaluate the toxic effects of chronic concomitant administration of high-fat diet (HF) and arsenic on the reproductive system of the male mouse. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 72 adult male mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: low-fat diet (LF0), LF+arsenic 25 ppm, LF+arsenic 50ppm, HF0, HF+arsenic 25 ppm and, HF+arsenic 50 ppm. 24 hours after the last experimental day, plasma samples, the cauda of epididymis and testis were prepared and removed for hormonal, sperm count and histopathological assessments. Results: Testis weight and volume increased in HF0 than other groups except for LF0. Plasma LH and testosterone levels decreased in LF50, HF0, HF25, and HF50 compared to LF0. A similar effect was observed in plasma FSH levels of HF0, HF25 and HF50 groups compared with LF0. Plasma level of estradiol increased in LF50 versus to other groups. Testosterone to estradiol ratio and sperm count decreased in all groups compared to LF0. Reduced interstitial cells and large numbers of vacuoles were observed in germinal epithelium of HF0 group, that these changes were more intense in both concentrations of arsenic-treated mice. Conclusion: Present study indicated that chronic exposure to HF and arsenic-induced hypogonadotropic hypogonadism concomitant with sperm count reduction and testicular damage. https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/view/1156 https://jfrh.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jfrh/article/download/1156/499